Baobab frön

In folklore, the tree’s unusual appearance is frequently explained through myths; one common legend tells of the gods planting the tree upside-down after it grew too proud.

Nearly every part of the tree has traditionally been used. For many, these trees look as if they were planted the wrong way up, a feature that has inspired myths across African cultures.

How Big Can a Baobab Grow?

Some baobab trees are so massive that they almost defy belief.

In the African savanna, where survival often depends on scarce resources, baobabs provide food, water, and shelter to countless species. The trunks can grow up to 30 meters in circumference, and some trees stand more than 25 meters tall.

These giants are not just impressive for their size; they also hold water, sometimes thousands of gallons, to survive long droughts.

These trees grow as solitary individuals, often indicating a watercourse. Their ability to thrive in arid regions and marginal soils makes them a fixture in environments where other vegetation struggles. Its extensive root system slows soil erosion and helps recycle nutrients. Today, Madagascar is home to six of the eight known species of baobabs, many of which are found nowhere else on Earth.

The Journey to Africa and Beyond

How did baobabs leave Madagascar?

In Madagascar, mountain ranges and volcanic activity created isolated habitats, allowing species to evolve independently. This species is deeply woven into the natural environment and cultural heritage of Africa. During the rainy season, the tree absorbs and stores water in its spongy wood, creating a reservoir that can sustain life during droughts.

Elephants are known to strip the bark of baobabs to access the moisture stored within, while smaller animals rely on the tree for the water it provides indirectly to the soil and other plants.

A Home for Wildlife

Baobabs are bustling hubs of life.

The fibrous bark is harvested to make rope, baskets, cloth, mats, and even waterproof hats. After pollination, these flowers develop into large, woody, gourd-like fruits up to 25 centimeters long.

Adansonia digitata is native to the hot, dry savannas and woodlands of sub-Saharan Africa. It is also a source of minerals like calcium, potassium, and magnesium.

The tart, citrus-like flavor of the pulp also lends itself to use in beverages and food manufacturing.

Beyond its use as a food product, the baobab has found a place in the cosmetics industry. Remarkably, the baobab can survive this stripping and regenerate new bark. Locals often grind the fruit into powder for drinks or mix it into porridges.

Bark, Leaves, and Roots

The bark of a baobab can be turned into rope, mats, and even cloth.

The baobab is legendary for its longevity; radiocarbon dating confirms some have lived for over 2,000 years.

Ecosystem Contributions of the Baobab

The baobab tree is a support system within its ecosystem, influencing soil and providing for many animal species. The water stored in its trunk offers moisture to animals during the dry season.